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Activated
charcoal, also referred to as activated carbon, is commonly used in cases
of oral poisoning. It is most effective when administered shortly after
poisoning occurs, ideally within one hour. However, it is not suitable for
treating poisonings caused by substances like cyanide, corrosive chemicals,
iron, or lithium. Side effects may include vomiting, black stools, and
diarrhea.
Activated charcoal functions by adsorbing toxins in the
gastrointestinal tract, effectively trapping harmful substances. This is why it
plays an important role in several medical and health-related applications:
- Poisoning
Treatment: It is often used to manage certain types of oral
poisonings, such as those caused by phenobarbital and carbamazepine.
However, it does not work against poisons like strong acids, iron,
lithium, or arsenic.
- Digestive
Issues: It can alleviate gastrointestinal problems like gas and
bloating by absorbing excess gas and toxins.
- Drug
Detoxification: Activated charcoal helps remove drugs and toxins from
the body in cases of overdose or substance abuse.
- Cholesterol
Reduction: Some studies indicate that it may help reduce cholesterol
by binding to bile acids in the gut, which are then excreted from the
body.
- Kidney
Function: In certain cases of kidney failure or uremia, activated
charcoal may assist in removing urea and other waste products from the
blood.
- Oral
Care: It is a key ingredient in some toothpaste and mouthwash
products, where it helps whiten teeth, remove stains, and eliminate bad
breath.
- Skincare: Activated charcoal is widely used in skincare products like face masks, cleansers, and scrubs due to its ability to draw out dirt, oil, and impurities from the skin.
Environmental and Industrial Uses
- Water
Filtration: One of the primary uses of activated charcoal is in water
filtration, both at municipal and industrial levels. It is used to remove
organic and inorganic contaminants, as well as heavy metals.
- Drinking
Water Purification: It helps purify drinking water by removing
contaminants like chlorine, volatile organic compounds, and unpleasant
tastes and odors.
- Aquarium
Filtration: In aquariums, activated charcoal helps maintain water
clarity and quality by eliminating dissolved organic compounds.
- Air
Purification: Activated charcoal is effective at absorbing harmful
gases, improving air quality in homes, offices, and even in industrial
environments, such as flue gas removal.
Advantages of Activated
Charcoal
One significant benefit of activated charcoal is its ability
to be regenerated. This means that after it adsorbs contaminants, the charcoal
can be heated and reused, making it a more cost-effective and environmentally
friendly option compared to producing new charcoal.
Although not all activated charcoal can be reused, the
process of regeneration, typically done in a rotary kiln, is a practical way to
reduce waste and save resources.
Conclusion
Activated charcoal is a versatile substance with numerous
applications in medicine, environmental management, and industrial processes.
Its ability to adsorb toxins and impurities makes it incredibly useful, though
it should be used cautiously, especially in health-related situations, under
professional supervision.
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Essential Amino Acids are organic compounds that our body needs to function well. Our body doesn’t synthesize it on its own you need to take it from a diet.
Amino acids are also referred to as the building blocks of proteins and also play an important role in our body. We need amino acids for important processes such as building proteins, hormones, and neurotransmitters.
Amino acids are rich in foods such as meat, fish, and soybeans. Some people take amino acids in the form of supplements tablets, to boost their performance or improve blood.
What are essential amino acids?
Amino acids are organic compounds which is composed of nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Our body needs 20 different types of amino acids to grow and perform properly. All of these 20 amino acids are important for our health. From that we have discussed the Nine essential amino acid.
They are Histidine, isoleucine, leucine, valine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, and tryptophan. Though our body can make nonessential amino acids, it cannot make essential amino acids, so we have to take it from our diet.
The best sources of essential amino acids one can get are - animal proteins such as meat, eggs, and poultry
However, there are some plant foods, such as the soya product – tofu which contain all nine essential amino acids.
How many essential amino acids are there?
- Phenylalanine– Our body turns this amino acid into neurotransmitter tyrosine, dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine. It plays a crucial role in the functions of proteins, enzymes, and the production of other amino acids.
- Valine – This amino acid is not produced directly in your body, it needs to be taken from diet only.Valine is Branched chain amino acid.Branched-chain amino acids are used in our body to make energy. Valine is mainly found in protein food sources such as meat, fish, soy, and dairy products.
- Threonine – Threonine is important for skin development and connective tissue formation; involved in fat metabolism and immune function.
- Tryptophan - It is associated with drowsiness,trptophan is a precursor to serotonin which is a neurotransmitter that regulates our appetite, sleep, and mood.
- Methionine – This amino acid plays a vital role in metabolism and detoxification. It is also necessary for the tissue growth.
- Leucine - Like valine, leucine is a BCAA which is important for protein synthesis, muscle growth and repair. By taking it in our diet it regulates our blood sugar levels.
- IsoleucineIsoleucine helps in maintaining muscle metabolism and muscle tissue. It is also important for immune function, haemoglobin production, and energy maintenance.
- Lysine -Lysine plays major roles in protein synthesis, calcium absorption, and in the production of hormones and enzymes. It is also important for energy production, immune function, and collagen production.
- Histidine – Our body uses this amino acid to produce histamine, which is a neurotransmitter that is important to immune response, digestion, and sexual function. It is very important for maintaining the myelin sheath, a protective barrier that protects our nerve cells.
There are 9 essential amino acids
Food sources and recommended intake
As we know our body does not produce essential amino acid we need to take it from diet.
- Histidine: 10 milligrams (mg)
- Isoleucine: 20 mg
- Leucine: 39 mg
- Lysine: 30 mg
- Methionine: 10.4 mg
- Phenylalanine is combined with the nonessential amino acid tyrosine: 25 mg
- Threonine: 15 mg
- Tryptophan :4 mg
- Valine: 26 mg
Here we have found by researching the daily required intakes for the essential amino acids, according to the World Health Organization. These values mentioned below are for adults per 2.2 lb (1 kg) of body weight (29):
Foods that 9 essential amino acids contain are
- meat
- seafood
- poultry
- eggs
- dairy products
Soya and pea protein are plant-based protein for vegetarian people.
There are other plant-based sources of protein, such as beans, nuts, and some grains, are considered incomplete proteins because they lack one or more of the essential amino acids.
However, if an individual is following a plant-based diet, still we can ensure proper intake of all nine essential amino acids by eating a variety of plant proteins each day.
Conclusion
There are nine essential amino acids, which we must get through our daily diet — histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine.
They are important for our day-to-day functions, including protein synthesis, tissue repair, and nutrient absorption.
These important compounds are found in many animal and plant-based foods. Most of us can manage a balanced diet and healthy lifestyle. We can even take essential amino acid supplements if needed.
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